Southwest Airlines Co. v. Saxon

This opinion may be safely relied on only when the issue arises at the arbitration-enforcement stage and the worker’s role can be characterized, as a matter of law, as a class of workers who, as a regular and central part of their duties, physically load or unload goods in active interstate or foreign transit. Its reasoning supports § 1 exemption only insofar as the class is defined by the actual work regularly performed and is directly integrated into the physical loading or unloading of goods moving across borders. It does not resolve supervisory-only roles, define the amount of transportation activity required, settle the status of warehouse or last-mile workers, or establish a general test for indirect or mixed duties, and reliance beyond closely matching facts involving frequent physical handling of goods during ongoing interstate movement requires independent analysis rather than assumption that the decision controls.